EJMA 10th Edition.pdf | PDF | Engineering | Technology - Scribd
- What are Ejma Standards and who are the Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association (EJMA)? - Why are Ejma Standards recognized as the authority on the proper selection and application of metallic bellows type expansion joints? H2: What are the main features of the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards? - Overview: How does the 10th Edition differ from the previous editions and what are the benefits of using it? - H3: A new approach for the design of reinforced bellows - H3: Enhanced and simplified fatigue life calculations - H3: Simplified calculation of universal type expansion joints - H3: Acceptable radial gap between equalizing/reinforcing rings and the root of convolution/bellows tangent - H3: English and Metric units of measure - H3: Consideration of tightness of bellows, bands, and rings due to dissimilar material growth rates - H3: Redefined bellows pitch and height tolerances relative to diameter - H3: Distinction of thin versus thick bellows - H3: Revised benchmark table inputs and outputs - H3: Revised single bellows axial vibration constants - H3: Clarified definitions in the nomenclature section H2: How to order and access the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards? - Options: Printed or e-reader format - How to order online or by mail - How to download the e-book version to your PC, laptop or tablet - How to receive a free copy of A Practical Guide To Expansion Joints with each printed copy H2: Conclusion - Summary: What are the main takeaways from this article? - Call to action: Why should you order the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards today? H2: FAQs - Q1: What is the price of the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards? - Q2: How often are Ejma Standards updated? - Q3: How can I contact EJMA for technical inquiries or feedback? - Q4: What are some examples of applications that use metallic bellows type expansion joints? - Q5: What are some other resources or publications related to expansion joints? Table 2: Article with HTML formatting What are Ejma Standards and why are they important?
If you work in the field of piping and vessel installation, you probably know what expansion joints and bellows are. They are flexible components that allow for thermal expansion, contraction, vibration, and movement of pipes and vessels without causing damage or leakage. They are essential for ensuring safe and reliable operation of various systems such as power plants, chemical plants, refineries, HVAC, etc.
Ejma Standards Pdf Free 72
But how do you know which type of expansion joint or bellow to use for your specific application? How do you design, manufacture, test, install, and maintain them properly? How do you ensure that they meet the required standards and specifications?
This is where Ejma Standards come in. Ejma stands for Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association, which is an organization that was founded in 1955 by a group of leading manufacturers of metallic bellows type expansion joints. Their mission is to establish and maintain a set of standards that provide guidance and best practices for the industry.
Ejma Standards are recognized throughout the world as the authority on the proper selection and application of metallic bellows type expansion joints. They are based on the collective knowledge and experience of the EJMA members, who are experts in their field. They cover various aspects such as design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, installation, maintenance, quality control, etc.
Ejma Standards are not only beneficial for the manufacturers, but also for the users, engineers, contractors, inspectors, and regulators who deal with expansion joints. They help to ensure that the expansion joints are designed and manufactured to meet the specific requirements of each application, and that they perform safely and reliably throughout their service life. They also help to avoid costly failures, repairs, downtime, and accidents that could result from improper selection or application of expansion joints.
What are the main features of the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards?
The EJMA Standards are constantly updated and revised to reflect the latest developments and innovations in the industry. The most recent edition is the 10th Edition, which was published in 2016. It contains significant changes and improvements from the previous editions, which make it more user-friendly, accurate, and comprehensive.
Here are some of the main features of the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards:
A new approach for the design of reinforced bellows
The 10th Edition introduces a new approach for the design of reinforced bellows, which are bellows that have external or internal rings or bands to increase their strength and stiffness. The new approach results in a modified set of equations for some stress components and for the spring rates. The main and most important result is that the calculated bending stress due to deflection could be considerably reduced, which means that the reinforced bellows can withstand higher loads and displacements without exceeding the allowable stress limits.
Enhanced and simplified fatigue life calculations
The 10th Edition also enhances and simplifies the fatigue life calculations for metallic bellows type expansion joints. The fatigue life is the number of cycles that an expansion joint can endure before it fails due to fatigue. The 10th Edition allows the fatigue life to be calculated from the same set of fatigue curves that are relevant for the unreinforced bellows and for the toroidal bellows, which are bellows that have a circular cross-section. This eliminates the need for separate fatigue curves for different types of bellows, and makes the calculation more consistent and straightforward.
Simplified calculation of universal type expansion joints
Another improvement in the 10th Edition is the simplified calculation of universal type expansion joints, which are expansion joints that have two bellows connected by a center spool or pipe. The 10th Edition simplifies the equation for the axial movement per convolution, which is the amount of axial displacement that each convolution of a bellow can accommodate. The simplified equation reduces the complexity and uncertainty of the calculation, and makes it easier to compare different designs and configurations of universal type expansion joints.
Acceptable radial gap between equalizing/reinforcing rings and the root of convolution/bellows tangent
The 10th Edition also introduces an acceptable radial gap between equalizing/reinforcing rings and the root of convolution/bellows tangent, which is the point where the bellow wall meets the ring or band. The radial gap is a clearance that allows for some relative movement between the ring or band and the bellow wall due to thermal expansion or contraction. The 10th Edition specifies a maximum acceptable radial gap of 0.5% of the nominal bellow diameter, which ensures that there is no excessive stress concentration or interference at this location.
English and Metric units of measure
The 10th Edition has been modified to include both English and Metric units of measure throughout the document. This includes standard conversions in addition to constants used in calculations. This makes it easier for users to work with their preferred units of measure, and to compare results from different sources.
Consideration of tightness of bellows, bands, and rings due to dissimilar material growth rates
The 10th Edition also considers the tightness of bellows, bands, and rings due to dissimilar material growth rates, which is a phenomenon that occurs when different materials expand or contract at different rates due to temperature changes. This can affect the fit and function of these components, especially if they are made of materials with high coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), such as stainless steel or nickel alloys. The 10th Edition provides guidance on how to account for this effect in design and fabrication, and how to avoid potential problems such as cracking, buckling, or leakage.
Redefined bellows pitch and height tolerances relative to diameter
The 10th Edition also redefines the bellows pitch and height tolerances relative to diameter, which are parameters that describe the shape and size of each convolution of a bellow. The pitch is the distance between two adjacent convolutions measured along the axis of the bellow, while the height is the distance between two adjacent convolutions measured perpendicular to the axis of Distinction of thin versus thick bellows
The 10th Edition also introduces the distinction of thin versus thick bellows, which are categories that depend on the ratio of the bellow wall thickness to the mean radius of the bellow. Thin bellows have a ratio of less than 0.015, while thick bellows have a ratio of greater than 0.015. This distinction affects the calculation of some stress components and spring rates, as well as the applicability of some design rules and assumptions. The 10th Edition provides separate formulas and tables for thin and thick bellows, and explains how to determine which category a bellow belongs to.
Revised benchmark table inputs and outputs
The 10th Edition also revises the benchmark table inputs and outputs, which are tables that provide sample data and results for different types of expansion joints and bellows. The benchmark tables are useful for verifying the accuracy and consistency of the calculations performed by users or software programs. The 10th Edition updates the benchmark tables with new data and results that reflect the changes and improvements in the 10th Edition formulas and methods. The 10th Edition also adds a new material class and correction factor to the benchmark tables, which are parameters that account for the effect of different materials on the fatigue life of bellows.
Revised single bellows axial vibration constants
The 10th Edition also revises the single bellows axial vibration constants, which are coefficients that are used to calculate the natural frequency and damping ratio of a single bellow subjected to axial vibration. The natural frequency and damping ratio are important for assessing the dynamic performance and stability of an expansion joint under cyclic loading conditions. The 10th Edition updates the single bellows axial vibration constants with new values that are based on more accurate and reliable experimental data.
Clarified definitions in the nomenclature section
The 10th Edition also clarifies some definitions in the nomenclature section, which is a section that provides explanations and symbols for various terms and variables used in the EJMA Standards. The 10th Edition revises some definitions to make them more clear and consistent, and adds some new definitions to cover new concepts or parameters introduced in the 10th Edition.
How to order and access the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards?
If you are interested in ordering and accessing the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards, you have two options: printed or e-reader format. Both formats have the same content and quality, but differ in terms of convenience and accessibility.
The printed format is a hardcover book that contains 302 pages of text, tables, figures, and examples. It also comes with a free copy of A Practical Guide To Expansion Joints, which is a pocket size primer based on EJMA Standards. The printed format is ideal for users who prefer to have a physical copy of the standards that they can refer to anytime and anywhere.
The e-reader format is an electronic book that can be downloaded to your PC, laptop or tablet. It has a PDF file format that can be viewed using any PDF reader software. It also has a searchable index that allows you to find any topic or term quickly and easily. The e-reader format is ideal for users who want to save space and time, and who want to access the standards from multiple devices.
To order either format, you can visit the EJMA website at www.ejma.org/ejma-standards/ and follow the instructions on how to place your order online or by mail. You can pay by credit card or check. The price for either format is $225 USD for EJMA members, or $450 USD for non-members.
Once you place your order, you will receive a confirmation email with your order details and tracking information. If you order the printed format, you will receive your book within 7-10 business days. If you order the e-reader format, you will receive an email with a link to download your e-book within 24 hours.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Ejma Standards are the authoritative source of information and guidance on metallic bellows type expansion joints for piping and vessel installation. They are based on decades of knowledge and experience from leading manufacturers of expansion joints, and they cover all aspects of design, fabrication, testing, installation, maintenance, quality control, etc.
The 10th Edition of Ejma Standards is the latest and most comprehensive edition, which contains significant changes and improvements from the previous editions. It introduces a new approach for the design of reinforced bellows, enhances and simplifies the fatigue life calculations, simplifies the calculation of universal type expansion joints, specifies an acceptable radial gap between equalizing/reinforcing rings and the root of convolution/bellows tangent, includes both English and Metric units of measure, considers the tightness of bellows, bands, and rings due to dissimilar material growth rates, redefines the bellows pitch and height tolerances relative to diameter, distinguishes thin versus thick bellows, revises the benchmark table inputs and outputs, revises the single bellows axial vibration constants, and clarifies some definitions in the nomenclature section.
The 10th Edition of Ejma Standards is available in printed or e-reader format, and can be ordered online or by mail from the EJMA website. Each printed copy comes with a free copy of A Practical Guide To Expansion Joints, which is a pocket size primer based on EJMA Standards. The e-reader format can be downloaded to your PC, laptop or tablet, and has a searchable index.
If you want to ensure that your expansion joints are designed and manufactured to meet the highest standards of quality and performance, you should order the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards today. You will not regret it!
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about Ejma Standards:
Q1: What is the price of the 10th Edition of Ejma Standards?
A1: The price for either format (printed or e-reader) is $225 USD for EJMA members, or $450 USD for non-members.
Q2: How often are Ejma Standards updated?
A2: Ejma Standards are updated and revised periodically to reflect the latest developments and innovations in the industry. The 10th Edition was published in 2016, and it is expected that the next edition will be published in 2021.
Q3: How can I contact EJMA for technical inquiries or feedback?
A3: You can contact EJMA by email at info@ejma.org, by phone at +1-203-791-4497, or by mail at EJMA Headquarters, 9 Brookside Place, Danbury, CT 06810-6823 USA.
Q4: What are some examples of applications that use metallic bellows type expansion joints?
A4: Some examples of applications that use metallic bellows type expansion joints are:
Power generation: steam turbines, boilers, heat recovery steam generators, etc.
Chemical processing: reactors, distillation columns, heat exchangers, etc.
Petroleum refining: catalytic crackers, cokers, reformers, etc.
HVAC: chillers, cooling towers, pumps, etc.
Aerospace: jet engines, rocket engines, fuel tanks, etc.
Q5: What are some other resources or publications related to expansion joints?
A5: Some other resources or publications related to expansion joints are:
EJMA Practical Guide To Expansion Joints: A pocket size primer based on EJMA Standards.
EJMA Bellows Technical Papers: A collection of technical papers on various topics related to expansion joints and bellows.
EJMA Newsletter: A quarterly newsletter that provides news and updates on EJMA activities and events.
EJMA Website: www.ejma.org: The official website of EJMA that provides information and resources on expansion joints and bellows.
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